分享几个日常生活中可能用到的地道表达（17）
第17期
场景：日本茶文化
适合与老外打交道的茶友们
无论是聚会，参展，卖茶等都能用上
掰扯两句中日茶文化的对比，会大大加分哦~
Here are two types of tea ceremony - the Chanoyu, sometimes called the Matcha, and the Sencha.
日本茶道有两种，一种是茶の湯（有时也称为抹茶），一种是煎茶。
【wikipedia】解释：
In Japanese, it is called chanoyu (茶の湯) or sadō, chadō (茶道), while the manner in which it is performed, or the art of its performance, is called (o)temae ([お]手前; [お]点前).
引自：Surak, Kristin (2013). Making Tea, Making Japan: Cultural Nationalism in Practice. Stanford: Stanford University Press. p. 272. ISBN 978-0-8047-7867-1.
The Chanoyu ceremony takes place in a wooden or bamboo teahouse called a Chashitsu.
日本茶道在木制或竹制的茶室进行。
【wikipedia】解释：
A chashitsu (茶室, "tea room") in Japanese tradition is an architectural space designed to be used for tea ceremony (chanoyu) gatherings.
引自：A Chanoyu Vocabulary: Practical Terms for the Way of Tea, entry for chashitsu . Tankosha Publishing Co., 2007.
Tea is one of the most popular drinks in Japan and a tea ceremony is a very important and special event. It is a time to relax and enjoy the loveliness of the simple things around you.
在日本，茶是流行的饮品之一，茶道则非常重要和独特。人们可以从中享受闲适与简素之美。
干货分享
分享UKTEA&INFUSIONS网站关于茶文化的系列文章之一，原文名为《Japanese Tea Ceremonies》。文章短小精炼，虽然没有文化历史的深度加持，但以老外的视角来看，也直截了当。
可用于整理对比。如果既看得懂，也能在适当场合随口说出，甚好。（翻译为意译，仅供参考）
The garden around the teahouse is very simple with lots of green plants rather than flowers, a small rock garden, and a stream. A path winds its way through the garden leading to the teahouse. （茶室所在的院子非常简约，岩石细流，绿茵环绕。院里子有一条蜿蜒小路通往茶室。）
First you must wait at the entrance to the garden until you are calm and ready to enter. The Teishu or tea master welcomes you when you are in the garden. He or she brings fresh water for you drink and to wash your hands. Now you follow the Teishu along the path to the teahouse. （心静如水后方可进院，此时茶室的主人已在院里迎接。根据主人示意，客人先饮水后净手，然后才沿着小路去茶室。）
【 Chanoyu World】解释：
The Teishu 亭主, or “Master of the Pavilion” (for some reason Sekishu 席主 is not used here) is also known as “the East” or Tou 東. In modern Chinese it still means “owner; one who stands treat.” In Zen practice, the Abbot or retired Abbot lived in the “Eastern Hall 東堂” and was thus known as “Eastern Hall.” Even today, the properly built Zen main hall is known as the Abbot’s quarters or Hojo 方丈. The classical size of the Hojo is about 10 foot square which equals the size of the four and a half tatami room.
When doing temae the host has the guest on the right side. The guest might be seated on the left side, but then the temae is known as Gyakugatte.
Inside the teahouse, the Teishu makes the tea using powdered green tea called matcha . The tea is mixed with boiled water using a bamboo whisk and served in small bowls. （在茶室，主人把抹茶盛入小茶碗，倒沸水再用茶筅搅拌之，以示茶道。）
Guests sit on the floor around a low table. When the Teishu gives you your tea, bow, take your bowl with your left hand, and then hold it with your right hand. Place the bowl in front of you and turn it to the right so that you don t drink from the side that was facing you. Usually the Teishu gives you a sweet cake or a mochi to eat as well because the tea is bitter. （客人围着低脚茶桌席地而坐，鞠躬后，用左手接主人递的茶碗，再换到右手端之。客人需正面对着茶碗并右转之，以防有图案的一面被喝掉。通常，主人备有甜点或糯米团以解茶之苦味。）
When you have finished your tea turn the bowl to the left and place it on the table in front of you - you must drink it all! You turn the bowl to show the Teishu respect: it means that the edge of the cup he gave you was the best, but you are not good enough to drink from that side. Sometimes the guests share one bowl that they pass around. （饮毕，左转茶碗并奉还到茶桌上，以示尊重。意思是，主人递给客人杯子的那一面是最好的，你答谢其用心所以转而饮之，再转而还之。有时，客人们轮流传递用同一个茶碗。）
The Sencha ceremony, is more relaxed than the Chanoyu ceremony. The rules for serving the tea are traditional but the occasion is more easy-going for the tea drinkers. （相比抹茶，煎茶偏灵活。虽然奉茶的讲究很传统，但对客人来说，环境和场合更轻松一些。）
【wikipedia】解释：
Sencha (煎茶) is a type of Japanese ryokucha (緑茶, green tea) which is prepared by infusing the processed whole tea leaves in hot water.
This is as opposed to matcha (抹茶), powdered Japanese green tea, where the green tea powder is mixed with hot water and therefore the leaf itself is included in the beverage. Sencha is the most popular tea in Japan.
Most people in Japan don t have their own teahouse but they often belong to a tea club where they go every week to take part in the tea ceremony. （大部分日本人没有自己的茶室，但他们往往是协会成员，每周相约茶道。）
这篇文章虽然没把日本茶道铺开来讲，但可与中国茶文化，韩国茶文化，俄罗斯茶文化等对比理解（后两者下期更新）。了解中国茶文化可点击：茶相关的几个英语表达 - 茶文化与茶相关的几个英语表达 - 茶文化（这是两篇哦~，名字一样内容互补）
1. 不定期更新tea time，内容选自native speaker的原文片段。
2. 适合与老外交流茶叶的小伙伴，可增强茶叶方面的日常英语积累和表达。
3. 招募小伙伴一起玩儿茶。有激情和热情，有想法又会玩的你，欢迎随时私信。
4. （空一行，等你一起来写哟~）
整理：木禾火
photo from pinterest
分享几个日常生活中可能用到的地道表达（16）
第16期
场景：茶文化
分享几个关于茶文化的句子
适合茶叶销售一线的小伙伴们和爱茶的人
用老外的思维和老外聊中国茶，更能恍然大悟，相见恨晚
In tea ceremony, space, emotion and interaction with nature are paramount to enhancing the emotional, moral, and aesthetic experience.
空间、情感、互动和自然在茶道里是最重要的，它强化了情感感知，修生养性和美学鉴赏。
Tea Houses are meant to be gathering places for people to drink tea, socialize, and maybe even have small bites to eat. Just sitting, relaxing, and talking…and while sipping on some tea.
茶室提供给人们一个聚会的场所，可以喝茶、社交甚至品尝点心。你只需要尽情的喝茶、放松和聊天就好了。
Throughout Chinese history, tea has been seen as one of the seven daily necessities; accompanied by firewood, oil, salt, vinegar, soy sauce, and of course rice.
中国上下五千年的历史里，茶始终是开门七件事之一：柴米油盐酱醋茶。
干货分享
在Peanuts or Pretzels上看到一篇文章，名为《Kungfu Tea? Understand Chinese Tea Culture & Ceremony》。作者是一个在广州教英语的老外，初来中国时被茶吸引，学了不少新鲜玩意儿，她把这些体验写了一篇老长的博客。这里挑几个有用的表达，可以做日常英语口语积累，中文翻译仅供参考。
Tea is not just tea in China. Chinese tea culture is rooted deep in tradition, family, respect…and daily life. 在中国，茶不仅仅是茶。中国茶文化源于传统、家庭、尊敬....和日常生活。
The tea shops are literally on every corner, across the street…and sometimes next door to each other. 茶馆到处都是
The shops focus on selling the tea, and stock endless varieties. So there are tins, boxes, and many other containers everywhere — as well as cups, pots, filters, etc. 茶馆主要卖茶，也存货各种其他的。所以有茶罐、茶盒和许多其他容器，也有各种茶杯、茶壶、茶漏等等。
There is always a tea table for tasting inside a tea shop, and usually, you can taste lots of tea for FREE. 茶馆里一般都设有茶桌，你可以坐着免费品尝茶
It’s also a tradition to make a pot of tea after dinner, because it helps with digestion (better than coffee). 饭后一杯茶是种习俗，它有助于消化
While there are endless different kinds of tea, there are also different ways of storing them. 茶的种类不同，存储方式不同
Some people get the traditional “tea cakes” — which are a type of fermented and compact dried tea. 发酵紧压茶做成茶饼存储
Tea cakes are labeled with the name, date, area where it came from and even the mountain! Because all these things have a great impact on the quality and the taste. 茶饼被标上名字，日期，地区甚至山头，因为这些因素会影响茶的品质和口感
The older a tea is, the darker it becomes — and the flavor will change over time with the age. 茶越陈色泽越深，滋味也随着时间变化
It’s fascinating to us to think of tea this way, just like wine. And the prices are like wine too, with aged tea from prized mountains going for crazy amounts of money. 像酒一样, 名山头的年份茶时间越久价格越高
The process, and equipment, used for making tea can be a little different depending on the situation and the region in China. 环境和地方不同，喝茶的茶具和方式也不同
If you want to refill your cup with tea, it is customary that you offer to fill everyone else’s cups at the table first! Only AFTER you have filled everyone’s cup, then you may fill your own. 斟茶时，先给别人后给自己；在给每个人都斟好后，才能给自己倒
Clay pots are preferred because it is said that the little holes in the clay help to brew the tea better than the smooth surface of ceramic. 泥壶比瓷壶受欢迎，据说如果想泡杯好茶，泥料的小孔比瓷料的光面更给力
The overall idea is that the small size enhances the taste of the tea, and is also good for looks. 总的来说小尺寸的容器能增强香味，看上去也更美观
The purpose of tea tables is to collect and drain the water that is spilled around the cups and over the table. 茶桌用于聚拢和排出洒在茶杯外或别处的水
A gaiwan — which is a sort of bowl (bigger than the tea cups) with a lid and a saucer. 盖碗，是比茶杯稍大一些的碗，配有盖子和碟子
Wake up the tea — Try your best to cover all the tea and swirl it for a few moments, then pour it out using the lid as a sort of strainer. 醒茶，尽量盖住所有茶叶，旋转几下，用盖子做滤网将水倒出
Tea cups are small, allowing for only a few sips – or one big drink. 茶杯很小，适合几小口抿或一大口饮
It is customary to wait to drink your tea until everyone has been served, and traditionally, after the oldest or highest level person drinks their tea. 静待，直到所有人都杯中有茶；传统上，一般是长者或尊者先饮
It takes many rounds of making tea for the leaves to fully open up with the true flavor. 反复冲泡茶叶有利于原始风味的彻底释放
Regardless if it is a formal or informal setting after tea has been poured into your cup, it is customary to tap your index and middle finger on the table as a way of saying “thank you.” 不管是正式或非正式场合，当茶水倒入茶杯后，为表示对倒茶人的感谢，需用食指和中指轻扣桌面。这是一种习俗。
Traditionally, younger people show their respect to older people by offering cups of tea. Also, inviting elders to restaurants for traditional tea is a typical holiday activity. 传统上，年轻人奉茶给长辈以示尊重；邀请长辈去茶馆喝茶也是一个独特的假日活动。
When children are older and leave home, it is important that they return to visit the family and drink tea. 如果小孩或老人离开了家乡，当他们回家后拜访亲戚共饮一杯茶是非常重要的
Coming together over a cup of tea really is a family tradition. 坐在一起喝杯茶是一种家庭传统
One ritual that is quite important during the wedding ceremony is for the bride and groom to kneel in front of their parents and offer them tea. 婚礼上的茶礼仪非常重要，新郎新娘跪在父母面前敬奉一杯茶
It is a way to show their gratitude for raising them and to say thank you for everything they have given them. 感谢养育之恩，感谢所有的馈赠
1. 不定期更新tea time，内容选自native speaker的原文片段。
2. 适合与老外交流茶叶的小伙伴，可增强茶叶方面的日常英语积累和表达。
3. 招募小伙伴一起玩儿茶。有激情和热情，有想法又会玩的你，欢迎随时私信。
4. （空一行，等你一起来写哟~）
整理：木禾火
分享几个日常生活中可能用到的地道表达（16）
第16期
场景：茶文化
分享几个关于茶文化的句子
适合茶叶销售一线的小伙伴们和爱茶的人
用老外的思维和老外聊中国茶，更能恍然大悟，相见恨晚
In tea ceremony, space, emotion and interaction with nature are paramount to enhancing the emotional, moral, and aesthetic experience.
空间、情感、互动和自然在茶道里是最重要的，它强化了情感感知，修生养性和美学鉴赏。
Tea Houses are meant to be gathering places for people to drink tea, socialize, and maybe even have small bites to eat. Just sitting, relaxing, and talking…and while sipping on some tea.
茶室提供给人们一个聚会的场所，可以喝茶、社交甚至品尝点心。你只需要尽情的喝茶、放松和聊天就好了。
Throughout Chinese history, tea has been seen as one of the seven daily necessities; accompanied by firewood, oil, salt, vinegar, soy sauce, and of course rice.
中国上下五千年的历史里，茶始终是开门七件事之一：柴米油盐酱醋茶。
干货分享
在Peanuts or Pretzels上看到一篇文章，名为《Kungfu Tea? Understand Chinese Tea Culture & Ceremony》。作者是一个在广州教英语的老外，初来中国时被茶吸引，学了不少新鲜玩意儿，她把这些体验写了一篇老长的博客。这里挑几个有用的表达，可以做日常英语口语积累，中文翻译仅供参考。
Tea is not just tea in China. Chinese tea culture is rooted deep in tradition, family, respect…and daily life. 在中国，茶不仅仅是茶。中国茶文化源于传统、家庭、尊敬....和日常生活。
The tea shops are literally on every corner, across the street…and sometimes next door to each other. 茶馆到处都是
The shops focus on selling the tea, and stock endless varieties. So there are tins, boxes, and many other containers everywhere — as well as cups, pots, filters, etc. 茶馆主要卖茶，也存货各种其他的。所以有茶罐、茶盒和许多其他容器，也有各种茶杯、茶壶、茶漏等等。
There is always a tea table for tasting inside a tea shop, and usually, you can taste lots of tea for FREE. 茶馆里一般都设有茶桌，你可以坐着免费品尝茶
It’s also a tradition to make a pot of tea after dinner, because it helps with digestion (better than coffee). 饭后一杯茶是种习俗，它有助于消化
While there are endless different kinds of tea, there are also different ways of storing them. 茶的种类不同，存储方式不同
Some people get the traditional “tea cakes” — which are a type of fermented and compact dried tea. 发酵紧压茶做成茶饼存储
Tea cakes are labeled with the name, date, area where it came from and even the mountain! Because all these things have a great impact on the quality and the taste. 茶饼被标上名字，日期，地区甚至山头，因为这些因素会影响茶的品质和口感
The older a tea is, the darker it becomes — and the flavor will change over time with the age. 茶越陈色泽越深，滋味也随着时间变化
It’s fascinating to us to think of tea this way, just like wine. And the prices are like wine too, with aged tea from prized mountains going for crazy amounts of money. 像酒一样, 名山头的年份茶时间越久价格越高
The process, and equipment, used for making tea can be a little different depending on the situation and the region in China. 环境和地方不同，喝茶的茶具和方式也不同
If you want to refill your cup with tea, it is customary that you offer to fill everyone else’s cups at the table first! Only AFTER you have filled everyone’s cup, then you may fill your own. 斟茶时，先给别人后给自己；在给每个人都斟好后，才能给自己倒
Clay pots are preferred because it is said that the little holes in the clay help to brew the tea better than the smooth surface of ceramic. 泥壶比瓷壶受欢迎，据说如果想泡杯好茶，泥料的小孔比瓷料的光面更给力
The overall idea is that the small size enhances the taste of the tea, and is also good for looks. 总的来说小尺寸的容器能增强香味，看上去也更美观
The purpose of tea tables is to collect and drain the water that is spilled around the cups and over the table. 茶桌用于聚拢和排出洒在茶杯外或别处的水
A gaiwan — which is a sort of bowl (bigger than the tea cups) with a lid and a saucer. 盖碗，是比茶杯稍大一些的碗，配有盖子和碟子
Wake up the tea — Try your best to cover all the tea and swirl it for a few moments, then pour it out using the lid as a sort of strainer. 醒茶，尽量盖住所有茶叶，旋转几下，用盖子做滤网将水倒出
Tea cups are small, allowing for only a few sips – or one big drink. 茶杯很小，适合几小口抿或一大口饮
It is customary to wait to drink your tea until everyone has been served, and traditionally, after the oldest or highest level person drinks their tea. 静待，直到所有人都杯中有茶；传统上，一般是长者或尊者先饮
It takes many rounds of making tea for the leaves to fully open up with the true flavor. 反复冲泡茶叶有利于原始风味的彻底释放
Regardless if it is a formal or informal setting after tea has been poured into your cup, it is customary to tap your index and middle finger on the table as a way of saying “thank you.” 不管是正式或非正式场合，当茶水倒入茶杯后，为表示对倒茶人的感谢，需用食指和中指轻扣桌面。这是一种习俗。
Traditionally, younger people show their respect to older people by offering cups of tea. Also, inviting elders to restaurants for traditional tea is a typical holiday activity. 传统上，年轻人奉茶给长辈以示尊重；邀请长辈去茶馆喝茶也是一个独特的假日活动。
When children are older and leave home, it is important that they return to visit the family and drink tea. 如果小孩或老人离开了家乡，当他们回家后拜访亲戚共饮一杯茶是非常重要的
Coming together over a cup of tea really is a family tradition. 坐在一起喝杯茶是一种家庭传统
One ritual that is quite important during the wedding ceremony is for the bride and groom to kneel in front of their parents and offer them tea. 婚礼上的茶礼仪非常重要，新郎新娘跪在父母面前敬奉一杯茶
It is a way to show their gratitude for raising them and to say thank you for everything they have given them. 感谢养育之恩，感谢所有的馈赠
1. 不定期更新tea time，内容选自native speaker的原文片段。
2. 适合与老外交流茶叶的小伙伴，可增强茶叶方面的日常英语积累和表达。
3. 招募小伙伴一起玩儿茶。有激情和热情，有想法又会玩的你，欢迎随时私信。
4. （空一行，等你一起来写哟~）
整理：木禾火
photo from pinterest
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